APLIKASI KAEDAH PALINOLOGI DAN KEPENTINGAN DALAM KAJIAN PALEOLITIK DI ASIA TENGGARA [APPLICATION OF PALYNOLOGICAL METHODS AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN PALEOLITHIC STUDIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA]
Abstract
Abstrak
Makalah ini akan membincangkan aplikasi bidang palinologi di tapak arkeologi, khususnya tapak Paleolitik. Sebelum kajian palinologi dijalankan di tapak arkeologi, arkeologis perlu mengetahui secara jelas kegunaan aplikasi ini, sifat dan jenis polen dan spora. Selain itu, perlu diketahui secara lanjut tentang kaedah kajian palinologi yang melibatkan persampelan di lapangan dan kajian di makmal. Proses ini akan mempengaruhi berjaya atau tidak kajian palinologi di tapak kajian. Diagram polen juga perlu dibina untuk mendapatkan bukti kelompok dan ekologi tumbuhan lampau. Interpretasi jumpaan polen dan spora adalah bahagian paling penting dalam kajian ini kerana ia akan memberikan gambaran keseluruhan paleopersekitaran berdasarkan kelompok tumbuhan. Bukti palinologi di tapak Paleolitik di Asia Tenggara menunjukkan kepentingan dari segi tafsiran paleosekitaran dan paleoiklim serta diet semasa kebudayaan Paleolitik berlangsung. Oleh itu, seharusnya aplikasi ini digunakan secara meluas di tapak arkeologi kerana penting dalam menyelesaikan isu tentang paleosekitaran, diet, sara hidup dan teknologi prasejarah.
Kata kunci: Palinologi, Tapak arkeologi, Paleolitik, Paleoiklim, Diet Prasejarah
Abstract
This paper will discuss the application of palynology at archaeological sites, particularly Paleolithic sites. Before conducting a palynological study at an archaeological site, archaeologists need to clearly understand the purpose of this application, as well as the characteristics and types of pollen and spores. Additionally, detailed knowledge of the methods used in palynological studies, including field sampling and laboratory analysis, is essential. These processes will determine the success of the palynological study at the research site. Pollen diagrams must also be constructed to obtain evidence of plant groups and past ecology. The interpretation of pollen and spore findings is the most critical part of this study as it provides an overall picture of the paleoenvironment based on plant groups. Palynological evidence from Paleolithic sites in Southeast Asia highlights its importance in interpreting paleoenvironments, paleoclimate, and diet during the Paleolithic cultural period. Therefore, this application should be widely utilized at archaeological sites as it plays a vital role in addressing issues related to paleoenvironments, diets, subsistence, and prehistoric technology.
Keywords: Palynology, Archaeological sites, Paleolithic, Paleoclimate, Prehistoric diet
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